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Fill valves in the back of toilets are classified as liquid level-actuated valves. Simply put, when the water rises to a calculated level, a device shuts down the valve filling the tank. The process of actuating this valve is very simple compared to other valve actuation, which are implemented in the automation of industrial valves and found in many kinds of technical processes from wastewater treatment, power plants to refineries. Valve automation can differ in design and dimension, with valve gauge ranging from inches to meters.

Actuators are often connected to the stem of a valve. Upon trigger from a signal, valve actuators switch a valve to a desired position using an outside power source. Manual valve actuators typically do not require outside power sources except when they are large and need a lot of torque. They utilize a handwheel to move gears which create enough torque to close the valve completely. Electric actuators use single-phase or three-phase AC or DC current to create the required torque. Pneumatic actuators convert air pressure into rotary or linear motion, while hydraulic actuators act similarly with the fluid pressure of oil or water. These actuators need to have pressurized lines to supply the actuators: an inlet line and an outlet line. Pilot valves in the actuator lines have charge of the air or liquid supply going to the actuators. All of these parts are readily ready for use through pipe, valve, and fitting (PVF) distributors who specialize in the use of these valves and actuators in various companies, situations, and environments.

Rotary motion valves such as ball, plug, and butterfly valves move from open to close, generally a quarter-turn or more, but can also involve multiple turns (360

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